01/10/2025
ANAK MATHIANG YAK (GOK DINKA ) - FIRST FEMALE CHIEF IN DINKA COMMUNITY
Anak Mathiang Yak was Born in the Pathiong of Gok community - Cueibet, during the 1860s. As a child, she was enslaved and taken by Turkish-Egyptian traders to the Tonj slave market, being sold and resold in the city of Omdurman, and remained enslaved for three years near Buri.
As with other women in this condition, she was forced to undergo hardship and then handed over to a man in North Sudan, and learned the Arabic language.
With the arrival of the Anglo-Egyptian colonial era, Anak escaped slavery and returned to her homeland. There she married a man named Dhal Marol from Pagɔɔk section of Gok community and resumed traditional Dinka life. Over time, she gained influence among his people due to the skills she acquired, and became leader of the Gok community
The Anglo-Egyptian headquarters for the region was in Rumbek, and she began to establish contact with the colonial administrators, mediating the foreign presence with her people. For this reason, she was awarded by the British officers with a golden sword for "keeping the peace".
She came into conflict with a prominent rival leader named Wuol Athian (Wuol Aruai) who was a traditional priest and military leader of Agar (Pakam), another Dinka community under Rumbek's authority.
In a public meeting, she debated with him and won the debate, which was unusual for a woman, and dishonorable for a Dinka man. This caused other male leaders, unreconciled, to accuse her of having offended Chief Wuol by hitting his buttocks. To avoid an imminent conflict, the colonial officials removed her from the leadership, appointing a man in her place.
She then abandoned the house in which she lived in the city, living in an uncertain place. After her, other women of her people came to occupy positions of leadership, more often than in other Dinka communities.
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Credit: ABMP