07/10/2025
克里斯蒂安·馮·巴爾:歐洲私法建築師
克里斯蒂安·馮·巴爾(Christian von Bar,生於 1952 年)是德國最具影響力的法學學者之一,現為奧斯納布呂克大學(University of Osnabrück)的榮譽退休教授。他將其卓越的職業生涯奉獻給一項單一的使命:綜合歐洲多元的法律傳統,以建立共同的歐洲私法,彌合大陸法系與普通法系之間長期存在的分歧。
對歐洲法學的決定性貢獻
馮·巴爾教授的工作是協調歐洲私法的基石。他的主要成就包括:
歐洲民法典共同參考框架草案(DCFR): 他於 1999 年至 2009 年擔任歐洲民法典研究小組(SGECC)主席,促成了 DCFR 的誕生。DCFR 是一套全面的示範規則,旨在作為未來歐盟私法立法的非約束性原型。
歐洲共同侵權法(The Common European Law of Torts): 他撰寫了這部具有開創性的兩卷本專著,分析了所有歐盟司法管轄區的法院裁決,為非契約義務法奠定了共同基礎。
高層顧問角色: 他曾在 2010 年至 2015 年期間,擔任歐盟委員會副主席維維亞娜·雷丁(Viviane Reding)的特別顧問,處理有關歐洲司法和基本權利領域的戰略問題。
卓越的學術旅程
馮·巴爾的職業道路突顯了他對比較法的承諾:
早期教育: 在德國完成法學教育並在哥廷根獲得法學博士學位(1976 年)後,他於 1979 年在劍橋大學丘吉爾學院完成了法學碩士(LL.M.)研究。
教授生涯: 他於 1981 年成為奧斯納布呂克大學的教授,並一直任職至 2020 年退休。
機構創立者: 他先後創立了國際私法與比較法研究所(1987 年)和 歐洲法律研究學院(ELSI)(2003 年)。
榮獲的國際榮譽
他的影響力已獲得全球公認和眾多獎項:
1993 年: 戈特弗里德·威廉·萊布尼茨獎(德國最高研究獎)。
1993 年: 倫敦格雷律師學院榮譽裁判官(Honorary Master of the Bench)。
2000 年: 英國國家學術院通訊院士(FBA)。
2003 年: 魯汶天主教大學榮譽法學博士。
2006 年: 下薩克森州州獎。
多項榮譽學位: 包括烏普薩拉大學、塔爾圖大學、赫爾辛基大學等的榮譽學位。
一位真正的法律巨匠,其工作持續塑造著整個歐洲的私法未來。
Christian von Bar: The Architect of European Private Law
Christian von Bar (born 1952) is one of Germany’s most influential legal scholars and an Emeritus Professor at the University of Osnabrück. He dedicated his distinguished career to a singular mission: synthesizing the diverse legal traditions of Europe to forge a common European private law, bridging the long-standing divide between civil and common law systems.
Defining Contributions to European Jurisprudence
Professor von Bar’s work is foundational to harmonizing European private law. His key achievements include:
The Draft Common Frame of Reference (DCFR): He chaired the Study Group on a European Civil Code (SGECC) from 1999 to 2009, resulting in the DCFR—a comprehensive set of model rules intended to serve as a non-binding prototype for future EU private law legislation.
The Common European Law of Torts: He authored the seminal two-volume treatise on Pan-European Tort Law, analyzing court rulings across all EU jurisdictions to establish a common foundation for the law of non-contractual obligations.
High-Level Advisory Roles: He served as a Special Advisor to the Vice-President of the European Commission on strategic issues concerning the European area of Justice and Fundamental Rights (2010–2015).
A Distinguished Academic Journey
Von Bar's career path highlights his commitment to comparative law:
Early Education: After completing his legal education in Germany and earning his Dr. jur. in Göttingen (1976), he completed his LL.M. studies at Churchill College, Cambridge (1979).
Professorship: He became a University Professor at the University of Osnabrück in 1981, holding the position until his retirement in 2020.
Institution Builder: He founded both the Institute of Private International and Comparative Law (1987) and the European Legal Studies Institute (ELSI) (2003) at Osnabrück.
Selected International Honors
His influence has been recognized globally with numerous awards:
1993: Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize (Germany's highest research prize).
1993: Honorary Master of the Bench, Gray's Inn, London.
2000: Corresponding Fellow, British Academy (FBA).
2003: Doctor iuris honoris causa, Catholic University Leuven.
2006: Lower Saxony State Award.
Multiple Honorary Degrees: Including degrees from Uppsala University, University of Tartu, Helsinki University, and others.
A true legal giant whose work continues to shape the future of private law across Europe.