22/09/2025
Jewish prisoners boarding a deportation train.
After the N**i-Fascist occupation of Italy in November 1943, mass roundups of Jews took place in major cities such as Turin, Genoa, Florence, and Milan. Around 1,000 people were arrested during these actions. In Milan, Jewish detainees were held in the fifth wing of San Vittore prison while awaiting deportation.
On December 6, 1943, the first group of 169 Jews was taken from the prison to the underground level of Milan’s Central Station. There, they were crammed into cattle cars and deported. Within days, this transport reached Auschwitz, where most of its passengers would be murdered.
Between December 1943 and February 1945, a total of 20 deportation convoys left Milan: 12 carrying only Jews, 5 transporting political opponents, and 3 mixed transports.
Milan’s Central Station, inaugurated in 1931, was designed with two levels: the upper floor for civilian train departures and arrivals, and the lower floor for postal and freight handling. From this underground area — originally meant for packages, livestock, and goods — human beings were forced into freight wagons and sent to camps in Italy (Bolzano and Fossoli), Germany (Mauthausen and Bergen-Belsen), and Poland (Auschwitz).
What was once a place of travel became a site of tragedy, forever marked by the memory of those who departed on trains that never brought them home.