05/22/2026
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Strategy & Tactics Quarterly #34
Sealion The Plan to invade England
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Ch. 4, OKM Plans, Second Conquest
Training
The invasion troops were given specialized training involving the boats to be used for landing. For the most part this amounted to learning how to debark quickly onto the beach.
Surprisingly, little of this training took place on the water, probably because the boats were still undergoing modifications and could not be used. One major exercise was attempted, a small flotilla of boats sailing a mile out to sea, then turned toward the shore. The formation broke down completely, many boats never reached shore. A near collision panicked the troops in one barge. They rushed away from the anticipated impact, unbalancing the barge and causing it to capsize.
More practice clearly was needed, but none was undertaken.
Landing Plan
The entire invasion consisted of three waves. The first was to secure a lodgment on each of the four beaches, then advance to join them into a single beachhead. The second wave included all the invasion’s motorized units. They would be used to complete the bridgehead, then breakout and drive to the final objective line. The third wave was more infantry to add heft to the force onshore and ensure the final objective line could be properly manned.
First Wave
The first wave had by far the toughest assignment and accordingly was given the most detailed plan and considerable support. It was to arrive at all four beaches simultaneously, requiring careful coordination of departure times. German inexperience in seaborne operations made it highly unlikely each of the four flotillas would be able to so control its speed that they all made landfall at the same time.
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