06/18/2026
Kristen Tegtmeier Oertel’s "Seeking Freedom in Indian Country," out now, is the first comprehensive study of African chattel slavery within the Five Tribes. In this sweeping and important study, Oertel examines how chattel slavery functioned among all Five Tribes before and during the removal process, how the tribes reconstituted slavery post-removal in Indian Territory, and how enslaved Black people promoted freedom-seeking strategies at each stage. Furthermore, her work considers how the conflict over slavery in Indian Territory contributed to the larger national debate over slavery’s fate on the eve of the Civil War.
📕 https://bit.ly/seekingfreedom-lsup
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Top image: Portrait of Abraham, a Black interpreter and leader of the free Black community in Indian Territory. Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, New York Public Library, Manuscripts, Archives and Rare Books Division, New York Public Library Digital Collections, image 490272.
Bottom image: Portrait of Coacoochee or Wild Cat, the Seminole chief who led a group of Seminole, Muscogee, and enslaved and free Blacks to Mexico. Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, New York Public Library, Manuscripts, Archives and Rare Books Division,
New York Public Library Digital Collections, image 490274.
Left image: Portrait of John Horse, also known as Gopher John and Juan Caballo, a Black interpreter and leader who traveled to Mexico with Coacoochee. Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, New York Public Library, Manuscripts, Archives and Rare Books Division, New York
Public Library Digital Collections, image 490271.