Protidin Khobor Axom

Protidin Khobor Axom Science-backed stories on medicinal mushrooms and powerful plants shaping the brain, health, and future medicine.

Beneath our feet exists a fungal network so vast that its estimated length is measured on a cosmic scale.Researchers and...
08/30/2026

Beneath our feet exists a fungal network so vast that its estimated length is measured on a cosmic scale.

Researchers and fungal scientists estimate that the total length of mycorrhizal mycelium in just the top 10 centimeters of Earth’s soil exceeds 450 quadrillion kilometers. That is roughly half the width of the Milky Way galaxy.

Mycelium is the branching network of microscopic fungal threads called hyphae. Much of the fungal kingdom lives in this hidden form rather than as the mushrooms we see above ground.

These underground networks are also essential to ecosystems. Mycorrhizal fungi connect with plant roots, helping plants obtain nutrients and water while receiving carbon from their plant partners. They also contribute to soil structure and nutrient cycling.

The comparison to the galaxy sounds almost impossible, but it comes from an estimate of fungal mycelium concentrated within a relatively thin layer of global soil.

It is a remarkable reminder that one of Earth’s largest biological networks is largely invisible, quietly operating beneath forests, grasslands, and fields.

Source: Studies in Fungi and SPUN research on global mycorrhizal networks.

➡️ Note: This content is shared for academic interest, based on scientific studies and historical records. It does not promote, sell, or encourage recreational or non-medical substance use.

A new federal report signals that the conversation around Psyc.hedel!c medicine is moving beyond laboratories and toward...
08/30/2026

A new federal report signals that the conversation around Psyc.hedel!c medicine is moving beyond laboratories and toward the practical realities of healthcare.

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration says states may need to prepare for emerging treatments before federal approvals arrive. That could include practitioner training, informed consent, safety standards, patient protections, workforce readiness, and systems for collecting meaningful health data.

Another major question is access. If future therapies require hours of supervised care, states and insurers may need to consider how those services could fit within existing healthcare and Medicaid systems.

The report does not prescribe one national model. Instead, it emphasizes preparedness, education, workforce development, safety, and evidence-based policy as research continues advancing.

For states, the issue is increasingly becoming practical: if Psyc.hedel!c treatments receive broader approval, will healthcare systems already be ready?

Source: SAMHSA and Frontiers in Public Health (2026).

➡️ Note: This content is shared for academic interest, based on scientific studies and historical records. It does not promote, sell, or encourage recreational or non-medical substance use.

.hedel!cResearch

A small early clinical trial is drawing attention after 10 women with moderate-to-severe postpartum depression experienc...
08/30/2026

A small early clinical trial is drawing attention after 10 women with moderate-to-severe postpartum depression experienced rapid improvements following an inhaled investigational treatment involving 5-M.E.O.-D.M.T.

The Phase 2a study tested GH001, a formulation containing mebufotenin. Researchers reported that depression scores dropped by approximately 95% just two hours after treatment, with improvements still present eight days later.

The study also reported improvements in maternal functioning, an important outcome because postpartum depression can affect daily life and a mother’s ability to care for herself and her newborn.

The altered state was brief compared with psilocybin-based sessions. Seven participants experienced what researchers classified as a “peak experience,” and participants were able to leave the clinic on the same day. Headache was the most common reported side effect.

Researchers also examined brst milk, where mebufotenin was detected shortly after administration but reportedly became undetectable within about 10 hours.

However, the findings remain preliminary. Only 10 women participated, there was no placebo group, and follow-up lasted just eight days. Larger controlled trials are needed.

Source: Johnson M, Aceves Baldo P, Arbe E, et al. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry (2026); 87(3):25m16284.

➡️ Note: This content is shared for academic interest, based on scientific studies and historical records. It does not promote, sell, or encourage recreational or non-medical substance use.

After 27 years in Naval Special Warfare, former Navy SEAL Steve Viola returned home from combat and discovered that his ...
08/30/2026

After 27 years in Naval Special Warfare, former Navy SEAL Steve Viola returned home from combat and discovered that his mind had not learned how to switch off.

His story reflects a challenge faced by many veterans: moving from an environment built around constant alertness into ordinary family life can happen almost overnight. During his first Afghanistan deployment, Viola went from active combat to holding his three-year-old son within 48 hours.

He later described conventional psychiatric treatment as emotional numbness, comparing it to wrapping his hand in cellophane. He could still feel pressure, but something seemed missing.

That search eventually led him toward !boga!ne, a powerful psychoactive compound derived from the African iboga plant. Former SEAL Marcus Capone became another prominent veteran advocate after pursuing the treatment and later helping establish VETS.

Research into !boga!ne for PTSD and traumatic brain injury remains early, while cardiac risks require serious medical consideration.

For Viola, the experience was captured by a simple moment: hearing a red-shouldered hawk again.

Source: VETS and documented interviews with Steve Viola and Marcus Capone.

➡️ Note: This content is shared for academic interest, based on scientific studies and historical records. It does not promote, sell, or encourage recreational or non-medical substance use.

Known scientifically as Oudemansiella mucida, this delicate woodland mushroom is instantly recognizable by its transluce...
08/30/2026

Known scientifically as Oudemansiella mucida, this delicate woodland mushroom is instantly recognizable by its translucent white cap and thick, glistening coating of clear slime.

It commonly appears in clusters on decaying wood, especially beech logs, during late summer and autumn. Against dark bark, its pale caps can look almost glass-like, giving the species an otherworldly appearance.

But its slime is not simply a visual curiosity. According to the supplied sources, this mushroom produces strobilurin, a natural substance that helps protect its territory by inhibiting the growth of competing fungi nearby.

That makes this tiny organism part of a much larger ecological battle happening quietly on fallen wood. While forests may appear still, fungi are constantly competing, decomposing, recycling nutrients, and shaping the microscopic communities around them.

A mushroom that looks fragile can therefore have its own chemical defenses and ecological strategy.

Source: Oudemansiella mucida information from the supplied references, including Wikipedia, 8 Billion Trees, YouTube, and Instagram.

➡️ Note: This content is shared for academic interest, based on scientific studies and historical records. It does not promote, sell, or encourage recreational or non-medical substance use.

A study of older adults has added another piece to the growing research on c@nnab!s use and mental health.Researchers an...
08/30/2026

A study of older adults has added another piece to the growing research on c@nnab!s use and mental health.

Researchers analyzed data from 910 community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older. About 5% reported recent c@nnab!s use, and those participants were more likely to report symptoms of depression or anxiety compared with non-users. After adjusting for demographic factors and current alcohol and to***co use, past-year c@nnab!s use remained associated with concurrent depression or anxiety symptoms.

The findings do not establish that c@nnab!s caused depression. The study was observational, meaning researchers examined associations rather than testing a cause-and-effect relationship. Other health, lifestyle, and social factors could contribute to the connection.

The research is important because c@nnab!s use among older adults has been increasing, while evidence about its mental-health effects in this age group remains limited.

For researchers, the message is less about a simple verdict and more about understanding who may be vulnerable and why.

Source: De Genna et al., International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (2024), “M@riju@na use among community-dwelling older adults.” DOI: 10.1002/gps.6086.

➡️ Note: This content is shared for academic interest, based on scientific studies and historical records. It does not promote, sell, or encourage recreational or non-medical substance use.

Oregon has offered researchers a rare opportunity to study what happens when regulated Ps!locybe services move beyond ti...
08/30/2026

Oregon has offered researchers a rare opportunity to study what happens when regulated Ps!locybe services move beyond tightly controlled clinical trials and into real-world settings.

Researchers followed 346 people who participated in Oregon’s legal Ps!locybe services. Unlike traditional clinical trials, participants did not need a psychiatric diagnosis, the Ps!locybe came from mushrooms, and facilitators were not required to be licensed therapists.

One month after the experience, 92.2% of participants said it had been beneficial. Three months later, moderate-to-severe PTSD symptoms had fallen from 48% to 16.8%, anxiety from 45.1% to 13.2%, and depression from 42.2% to 16.5%. Life satisfaction also increased from 63% to 82.3%.

There was also an important safety finding. Four participants, representing 1.2% of the sample, experienced serious reactions requiring medical attention. All were psychedelic-naive and had existing mental-health symptoms.

Because this was observational research, the results cannot establish that Ps!locybe caused the improvements. Still, the findings provide an important look at regulated services outside conventional trials.

Source: Korthuis et al., JAMA Network Open (2026). DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.30608

➡️ Note: This content is shared for academic interest, based on scientific studies and historical records. It does not promote, sell, or encourage recreational or non-medical substance use.

!locybeResearch

Poetics of Soil: Fly Agaric I is a digital video and sound installation created by the art collective Marshmallow Laser ...
08/29/2026

Poetics of Soil: Fly Agaric I is a digital video and sound installation created by the art collective Marshmallow Laser Feast, exploring the relationship between fungi, soil, nature, and perception.

The work turns the familiar Fly Agaric mushroom into something much larger than a forest object. Through moving imagery and sound, it invites viewers into an immersive interpretation of the hidden ecological world surrounding fungi.

Rather than presenting the mushroom simply as an organism, the installation treats it as part of a living network beneath and around the soil, where countless biological relationships unfold beyond ordinary human perception.

It is a striking example of how contemporary art can transform scientific and ecological ideas into sensory experiences, encouraging viewers to look at fungi not as isolated forms, but as participants in a much larger living system.

Source: Marshmallow Laser Feast, Poetics of Soil: Fly Agaric I

➡️ Note: This content is shared for academic interest, based on scientific studies and historical records. It does not promote, sell, or encourage recreational or non-medical substance use.

A compound from Salvia divinorum is drawing scientific attention after a major review found promising effects in animal ...
08/29/2026

A compound from Salvia divinorum is drawing scientific attention after a major review found promising effects in animal studies involving pain, inflammation and stroke-related brain injury.

Researchers at the University of Zurich examined 1,718 publications and included 82 studies involving about 3,456 animals. Across the evidence, the compound repeatedly reduced pain-related responses and inflammation while also showing protective effects in experimental stroke models.

Researchers also found reduced substance-seeking behavior in some experiments. Depression was far less consistent, with studies reporting both antidepressant-like and depression-like effects.

Safety remains an important concern. Animal studies reported anxiety-like behavior along with movement and cognitive problems. The compound also acts extremely briefly, with reported brain half-lives ranging from roughly 3 to 36 minutes.

The review identified 16 chemically modified relatives that may last longer or produce fewer unwanted effects, suggesting potential value for future treatment research.

Source: Zürrer et al. (2025), Translational Psychiatry, “The translational potential of salvinorin A: systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.”

➡️ Note: This content is shared for academic interest, based on scientific studies and historical records. It does not promote, sell, or encourage recreational or non-medical substance use.

Cortisol isn’t the villain it’s often made out to be. It’s one of the body’s most useful hormones, designed to rise and ...
08/29/2026

Cortisol isn’t the villain it’s often made out to be. It’s one of the body’s most useful hormones, designed to rise and fall throughout the day, sharpening focus when needed and easing back when the demand passes.

The concern is what happens when that rhythm remains disrupted for too long.

Poor sleep, persistent fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, changes in appetite, headaches, and feeling constantly on edge can all occur during prolonged stress. But none of these signs alone proves that cortisol is chronically elevated. A stressful week or a few nights of poor sleep can produce similar experiences.

What matters more is the pattern. When several changes appear together and persist, it may be worth discussing them with a qualified healthcare professional rather than assuming cortisol is responsible.

Cortisol is not something the body needs to eliminate. It is about maintaining the right rhythm and responding appropriately to changing demands.

Source: Endocrine Society

➡️ Note: This content is shared for academic interest, based on scientific studies and historical records. It does not promote, sell, or encourage recreational or non-medical substance use.

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