08/22/2025
đ Basic English Grammar Rules for Beginners
āĻāĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋ āĻļāĻŋāĻāϤ⧠āĻšāϞ⧠āĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻŦā§āϏāĻŋāĻ āύāĻŋā§āĻŽ āĻāĻžāύāĻž āĻā§āĻŦ āĻāϰā§āϰāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻāĻā§āϞ⧠āĻāĻžāύāϞ⧠āϏāĻšāĻā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ āĻāĻ āύ āĻāϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦā§āĨ¤ â¨
đĸ 1. Sentence Basics
Rule 1: Every sentence = Subject + Verb + Object
đ I eat rice. â āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻžāϤ āĻāĻžāĻāĨ¤
Rule 2: Verb āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽā§ subject-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧠āĻāϏā§āĨ¤
đ She sings well. â āϏ⧠āĻāĻžāϞ⧠āĻāĻžāύ āĻāĻžā§āĨ¤
Rule 3: Singular subject â singular verbāĨ¤
đ He plays football. â āϏ⧠āĻĢā§āĻāĻŦāϞ āĻā§āϞā§āĨ¤
Rule 4: Plural subject â plural verbāĨ¤
đ They play football. â āĻāϰāĻž āĻĢā§āĻāĻŦāϞ āĻā§āϞā§āĨ¤
Rule 5: Sentence āĻļā§āϰā§āϤ⧠āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽā§ Capital LetterāĨ¤
đ My name is Alex. â āĻāĻŽāĻžāϰ āύāĻžāĻŽ āĻ
ā§āϝāĻžāϞā§āĻā§āϏāĨ¤
đĸ 2. To Be Verbs
Rule 6: Present â is/are/amāĨ¤
đ I am happy. â āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻā§āĻļāĻŋāĨ¤
Rule 7: Past â was/wereāĨ¤
đ She was sick. â āϏ⧠āĻ
āϏā§āϏā§āĻĨ āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
Rule 8: Future â will beāĨ¤
đ I will be a doctor. â āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻĄāĻžāĻā§āϤāĻžāϰ āĻšāĻŦā§āĨ¤
đĸ 3. Tenses
Rule 9: Regular verbs â past = -edāĨ¤
đ I worked yesterday. â āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāϤāĻāĻžāϞ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋāĨ¤
Rule 10: Irregular verbs-āĻāϰ āĻāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻž forms āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
đ Go â went â goneāĨ¤
Rule 11: Present Continuous = is/are/am + verb+ingāĨ¤
đ They are playing. â āĻāϰāĻž āĻā§āϞāĻā§āĨ¤
Rule 12: Past Continuous = was/were + verb+ingāĨ¤
đ She was reading. â āϏ⧠āĻĒā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
Rule 13: Future = will + verbāĨ¤
đ I will call you. â āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āϤā§āĻŽāĻžāĻā§ āĻĢā§āύ āĻāϰāĻŦāĨ¤
Rule 14: Present Perfect = have/has + V3āĨ¤
đ I have finished. â āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻļā§āώ āĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋāĨ¤
Rule 15: Past Perfect = had + V3āĨ¤
đ She had gone home. â āϏ⧠āĻŦāĻžā§āĻŋ āĻāϞ⧠āĻāĻŋā§ā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
Rule 16: Future Perfect = will have + V3āĨ¤
đ I will have done it. â āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻž āĻāϰ⧠āĻĢā§āϞāĻŦāĨ¤
đĸ 4. Articles
Rule 17: A â consonant sound-āĻāϰ āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
đ a book â āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻāĨ¤
Rule 18: An â vowel sound-āĻāϰ āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
đ an apple â āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĒā§āϞāĨ¤
Rule 19: The â specific āĻāĻŋāύāĻŋāϏā§āϰ āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
đ the sun â āϏā§āϰā§āϝāĨ¤
đĸ 5. Plurals
Rule 20: āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ plural = -sāĨ¤
đ book â booksāĨ¤
Rule 21: s, x, ch, sh â +esāĨ¤
đ box â boxesāĨ¤
Rule 22: consonant + y â iesāĨ¤
đ baby â babiesāĨ¤
Rule 23: vowel + y â āĻļā§āϧ⧠sāĨ¤
đ toy â toysāĨ¤
Rule 24: āĻāĻŋāĻā§ irregular pluralāĨ¤
đ man â men, child â childrenāĨ¤
đĸ 6. Questions
Rule 25: Helping verb āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻļā§āϰ⧠āĻšā§āĨ¤
đ Are you ready? â āϤā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϏā§āϤā§āϤ?
Rule 26: Present āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧠do/doesāĨ¤
đ Do you like tea? â āϤā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻž āĻĒāĻāύā§āĻĻ āĻāϰā§?
Rule 27: Past āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧠didāĨ¤
đ Did you see him? â āϤā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āϤāĻžāĻā§ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻāĻŋāϞā§?
Rule 28: Wh-questions â what, where, when, why, howāĨ¤
đ Where are you going? â āϤā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻā§āĻĨāĻžā§ āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻ?
đĸ 7. Negatives
Rule 29: Present negative = do/does notāĨ¤
đ I do not like it. â āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻž āĻĒāĻāύā§āĻĻ āĻāϰāĻŋ āύāĻžāĨ¤
Rule 30: Past negative = did notāĨ¤
đ She did not go. â āϏ⧠āϝāĻžā§āύāĻŋāĨ¤
Rule 31: To be negative = is/are/am notāĨ¤
đ He is not here. â āϏ⧠āĻāĻāĻžāύ⧠āύā§āĻāĨ¤
đĸ 8. Pronouns
Rule 32: Subject pronoun â I, you, he, she, it, we, theyāĨ¤
Rule 33: Object pronoun â me, him, her, us, themāĨ¤
Rule 34: Possessive adjective â my, your, his, her, our, theirāĨ¤
Rule 35: Possessive pronoun â mine, yours, his, hers, oursāĨ¤
đ Example: This is my pen. â āĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻāϞāĻŽāĨ¤
đĸ 9. Adjectives & Adverbs
Rule 36: Adjective noun āĻā§ describe āĻāϰā§āĨ¤
đ She is beautiful. â āϏ⧠āϏā§āύā§āĻĻāϰā§āĨ¤
Rule 37: Adverb verb/adjective āĻā§ describe āĻāϰā§āĨ¤
đ She runs quickly. â āϏ⧠āĻĻā§āϰā§āϤ āĻĻā§ā§āĻžā§āĨ¤
Rule 38: Adjective āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽā§ noun āĻāϰ āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
đ A big house â āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŦā§ āĻŦāĻžā§āĻŋāĨ¤
Rule 39: Adverb verb āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧠āĻāϏā§āĨ¤
đ He speaks clearly. â āϏ⧠āĻĒāϰāĻŋāώā§āĻāĻžāϰāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāĻĨāĻž āĻŦāϞā§āĨ¤
đĸ 10. Prepositions
Rule 40: Preposition noun/pronoun āĻāϰ āĻāĻā§ āĻŦāϏā§āĨ¤
đ The book is on the table. â āĻŦāĻāĻāĻž āĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāϞā§āϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
Rule 41: Time-āĻāϰ āĻāύā§āϝ at/in/onāĨ¤
đ at 5 pm, in July, on MondayāĨ¤
Rule 42: Place-āĻāϰ āĻāύā§āϝ in/on/atāĨ¤
đ in the room, on the table, at schoolāĨ¤
đĸ 11. Conjunctions
Rule 43: And, but, or â āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ join āĻāϰā§āĨ¤
đ I like tea and coffee. â āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻž āĻāϰ āĻāĻĢāĻŋ āĻĒāĻāύā§āĻĻ āĻāϰāĻŋāĨ¤
Rule 44: Because â āĻāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§āĨ¤
đ I am late because of traffic. â āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻĻā§āϰāĻŋ āĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋ āĻā§āϰāĻžāĻĢāĻŋāĻā§āϰ āĻāĻžāϰāĻŖā§āĨ¤
đĸ 12. Comparisons
Rule 45: Comparative = adjective+er + thanāĨ¤
đ She is taller than me. â āϏ⧠āĻāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻā§ā§ā§ āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĨ¤
Rule 46: Superlative = adjective+est + theāĨ¤
đ She is the tallest. â āϏ⧠āϏāĻŦāĻā§ā§ā§ āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĨ¤
đĸ 13. Modal Verbs
Rule 47: Can â āĻā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāϤā§āĨ¤
đ I can swim. â āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āϏāĻžāĻāϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāĻāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĨ¤
Rule 48: Should â āĻĒāϰāĻžāĻŽāϰā§āĻļāĨ¤
đ You should study. â āϤā§āĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āĻžāĻļā§āύāĻž āĻāϰāĻž āĻāĻāĻŋāϤāĨ¤
Rule 49: Must â āĻŦāĻžāϧā§āϝāĻŦāĻžāϧāĻāϤāĻžāĨ¤
đ You must stop. â āϤā§āĻŽāĻžāĻā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻŽāϤā§āĻ āĻšāĻŦā§āĨ¤
Rule 50: May/Might â āĻ
āύā§āĻŽāϤāĻŋ/āϏāĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻŦāύāĻžāĨ¤
đ You may go. â āϤā§āĻŽāĻŋ āϝā§āϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĨ¤
đĸ 14. Punctuation
Rule 51: Statement āĻļā§āώ⧠full stopāĨ¤
Rule 52: Question â ?
Rule 53: Feeling â !
đ Wow! She is here.
đĸ 15. Demonstratives
Rule 54: This/These â āĻāĻžāĻā§āϰ āĻāĻŋāύāĻŋāϏāĨ¤
đ This book, These pensāĨ¤
Rule 55: That/Those â āĻĻā§āϰā§āϰ āĻāĻŋāύāĻŋāϏāĨ¤
đ That house, Those carsāĨ¤
đĸ 16. Quantifiers
Rule 56: Much â uncountable nounāĨ¤
đ much water â āĻ
āύā§āĻ āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋāĨ¤
Rule 57: Many â countable pluralāĨ¤
đ many books â āĻ
āύā§āĻ āĻŦāĻāĨ¤
Rule 58: Some â positive āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝā§āĨ¤
đ I have some friends. â āĻāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻŦāύā§āϧ⧠āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
Rule 59: Any â negative/questionāĨ¤
đ Do you have any money? â āϤā§āĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻāĻŋ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻāĻžāĻāĻž āĻāĻā§?
Rule 60: Few = āĻāĻŽ (negative)āĨ¤
đ Few people came. â āĻ
āϞā§āĻĒ āĻŽāĻžāύā§āώ āĻāϏā§āĻā§āĨ¤
Rule 61: A few = āĻāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻž (positive)āĨ¤
đ A few students are here. â āĻā§ā§āĻāĻāύ āĻāĻžāϤā§āϰ āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
Rule 62: Little = āĻāĻŽ (negative)āĨ¤
đ Little water left. â āĻ
āϞā§āĻĒ āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
Rule 63: A little = āĻāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻž (positive)āĨ¤
đ A little sugar is needed. â āĻ
āϞā§āĻĒ āĻāĻŋāύāĻŋ āĻĻāϰāĻāĻžāϰāĨ¤
đĸ 17. Intensifiers
Rule 64: Very â adjective/adverb āĻā§ āĻā§āϰ āĻĻā§ā§āĨ¤
đ She is very tall. â āϏ⧠āĻā§āĻŦ āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĨ¤
Rule 65: Too â āĻ
āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻā§āϤ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§āĨ¤
đ It is too hot. â āĻāĻ āĻā§āĻŦāĻ āĻāϰāĻŽāĨ¤
đ Tip for Learners: āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāύ āύāϤā§āύ ā§ĢāĻāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ āĻŦāĻžāύāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ āϰā§āϞ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ āϧā§āϰ⧠āϧā§āϰ⧠fluency āĻāϏāĻŦā§āĻāĨ¤