09/05/2026
MOMS WHO MURDER™
Motherhood, Mental Illness, Criminal Responsibility—and the Children Robbed of Life, Safety and Their Futures
ARTICLE ONE
BECAUSE YOU CAN GIVE BIRTH DOES NOT MEAN YOU SHOULD
The Myth of Automatic Motherhood and the Difference Between Reproductive Capacity and Parental Capacity
By Michelle L. Smith, EJD — Executive Juris Doctor
There is a truth society remains reluctant to say aloud:
Just because a person possesses the biological capacity to conceive and give birth does not mean that person should become a parent.
Reproductive capacity is not parental capacity.
Pregnancy does not automatically create patience, sound judgment, emotional stability, selflessness or the ability to protect another human being during a personal crisis.
Giving birth does not cure trauma.
It does not eliminate mental illness.
It does not guarantee attachment.
It does not establish that a woman wants to parent, is prepared to parent or can parent safely.
Women are not born magically knowing how to become mothers.
Motherhood is not a complete biological program activated during delivery. It is a continuing relationship requiring judgment, restraint, responsibility, emotional regulation and recognition that a child is an independent human being—not an extension or possession of the parent.
The myth of automatic motherhood harms women by imposing impossible expectations.
It also harms children by encouraging society to assume that female biology guarantees safe caregiving.
It does not.
WHY THIS SERIES BEGINS HERE
Moms Who Murder™ will examine mothers accused or convicted of killing, attempting to kill, abusing, endangering or catastrophically failing to protect their children.
The cases will not be treated as legally interchangeable.
Some defendants admitted the acts.
Some denied them.
Some were convicted.
Some were acquitted.
Some were found not guilty by reason of insanity.
Some cases remain unresolved.
The series will examine women including Andrea Yates, Lindsay Clancy, Casey Anthony and Elizabeth Siders while preserving the material differences among their cases.
Andrea Yates admitted drowning her five children. Her original conviction was reversed, and a second jury found her not guilty by reason of insanity.
Lindsay Clancy admits killing Cora, Dawson and Callan. Her first trial ended in a mistrial without a final judgment.
Casey Anthony was acquitted of murdering her daughter, Caylee. Whatever suspicions remain in public opinion, an acquitted defendant cannot accurately be described as legally responsible for a murder the state failed to prove.
Elizabeth Siders faces unresolved Ohio allegations involving child endangerment and other alleged conduct. Her case is not presently a maternal-murder prosecution, and no final judgment has established her guilt.
Legal accuracy matters.
So does moral candor.
This series will neither classify every accused mother as a monster nor transform every claim of trauma or mental illness into an excuse.
The governing questions will remain:
What happened?
What was proved?
What remains disputed?
What did the mother understand?
What capacity did she possess?
What did the law require?
What did the child lose?
THE CHILD IS NOT AN EXTENSION OF THE MOTHER
A child may begin life inside another person’s body, but the child does not remain that person’s property.
Children possess independent legal and moral identities.
Their lives belong to them.
Their futures belong to them.
A parent receives authority to make decisions for a minor because the law expects those decisions to protect the child’s interests. Parental authority exists for the child. It does not establish ownership over the child.
A mother who wants to die does not acquire the right to decide that her children must die too.
A mother who believes the children cannot live without her does not make that belief true.
A mother who believes death will save or protect the children cannot impose that version of protection upon people who are unable to consent, resist or escape.
Love does not require a child to die with a parent.
Love recognizes the child’s right to continue.
WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE CAPABLE OF PARENTING?
Parental capacity involves more than affection.
A person may love a child and still be unable to care for that child safely.
A person may experience attachment while also being controlling, neglectful, unstable or dangerous.
A person may want children without understanding what daily parenting requires.
Safe parenting involves identifiable abilities:
* Recognizing and responding to a child’s physical and emotional needs;
* Regulating one’s own emotions during stress;
* Tolerating exhaustion, noise, frustration and unpredictability;
* Providing food, shelter, healthcare, supervision and education;
* Protecting the child even when the parent is suffering;
* Distinguishing the child’s identity from the parent’s identity;
* Accepting that the child will develop independent preferences and relationships;
* Seeking assistance before a crisis becomes dangerous;
* Allowing another adult to intervene when safety requires it;
* Refraining from using the child to satisfy the parent’s emotional needs; and
* Understanding that parental distress never eliminates the child’s right to live.
These abilities are influenced by experience, education, mental health, trauma, relationships, economic conditions and available support.
They are not guaranteed by reproductive anatomy.
THE “MATERNAL INSTINCT” MYTH
Society often presents motherhood as a natural female destiny.
Girls are encouraged to practice caregiving before they understand what it means. Adult women are asked when—not whether—they will have children. Women who choose not to become mothers may be treated as selfish, incomplete or destined to regret the decision.
Women who do become mothers are then expected to know instinctively how to feed, soothe, protect, teach and emotionally regulate a child.
When they struggle, they may believe something is fundamentally wrong with them.
This mythology places unfair pressure upon women while permitting families and institutions to assume that a mother will somehow know what to do.
Parenting skills can be learned, practiced and strengthened. That is why parenting education, home-visiting programs, developmental guidance and caregiver-support services exist.
The World Health Organization identifies good health, adequate nutrition, safety, responsive caregiving and opportunities for learning as essential components of nurturing care.[1]
Those conditions must be created and maintained.
They do not appear automatically because a woman has delivered a baby.
“BECAUSE YOU CAN” IS NOT A REASON TO HAVE A CHILD
Reproductive freedom includes the right to decide whether to become a parent.
That must include the freedom to say:
“I do not want children.”
“I am not prepared to parent.”
“My mental health is not stable enough.”
“My circumstances are unsafe.”
“I do not possess the desire or patience required to raise a child.”
“My life does not need to include motherhood.”
Those statements should be treated as responsible self-knowledge—not evidence of selfishness or failure.
No woman should be pressured into motherhood because a partner, family, religion or culture treats giving birth as her natural purpose.
A woman is a complete person without becoming a mother.
A person who does not want to parent should not be persuaded that biology will manufacture the desire after a child arrives.
Sometimes it does not.
The child should not become the experiment through which an unwilling or unprepared adult discovers that truth.
THIS IS NOT AN ARGUMENT FOR REPRODUCTIVE CONTROL
Saying that not everyone should become a parent must never become permission for government licensing, forced sterilization, discriminatory reproductive restrictions or modern eugenics.
History demonstrates the danger of allowing institutions to decide whose biology is worthy of reproduction.
The answer is not coercion.
It is informed and voluntary decision-making.
That includes:
* Comprehensive reproductive education;
* Affordable contraception;
* Freedom from pressure to reproduce;
* Honest discussion of parenting responsibilities;
* Voluntary parenting-readiness programs;
* Accessible mental-health treatment;
* Support for parents experiencing crisis;
* Safe temporary caregiving arrangements; and
* Intervention when a child faces a credible danger.
Respecting reproductive autonomy does not require society to pretend that everyone who can produce a child can care for one.
THE CLANCY CHILDREN AND THE DECISION THAT WAS NEVER HERS
On January 24, 2023, Lindsay Clancy killed her three children inside their Massachusetts home.
Cora was five.
Dawson was three.
Callan was eight months old.
Clancy admits that she strangled them.
Afterward, she attempted to end her own life. She survived but sustained catastrophic injuries that left her paralyzed.
Her defense asserted that postpartum psychosis, medication and inadequate psychiatric care deprived her of criminal responsibility.
That legal question is serious and will be examined fully in Article Two.
But the moral boundary begins elsewhere.
Clancy decided that Cora’s life would not continue.
She decided that Dawson’s life would not continue.
She decided that Callan’s life would not continue.
Those decisions were never hers to make.
Whatever she believed she heard, whatever despair she experienced and whatever psychiatric condition affected her thinking, the children were separate human beings.
Their futures did not belong to her.
Their right to live did not end because she wanted to die or believed that they could not live without her.
Cora could have continued.
Dawson could have continued.
Callan could have continued.
They had a father, grandparents, extended family and a world of possible caregivers and interventions beyond their mother.
Clancy foreclosed every one of those possibilities.
That will never be acceptable.
PSYCHOSIS MAY EXPLAIN WITHOUT MAKING THE ACT MORALLY ACCEPTABLE
Postpartum psychosis is a genuine psychiatric emergency. It can involve delusions, hallucinations, mania, depression, paranoia and a severe loss of contact with reality.
Most people who experience psychosis do not kill anyone.
A psychiatric diagnosis should therefore never be treated as evidence that a person is inherently violent.
But when violence occurs, the law must determine whether the condition eliminated the capacities required for criminal responsibility.
That is a legal inquiry.
It does not make killing a child morally acceptable.
Even if a jury finds that a defendant lacked criminal responsibility, the finding means that the legal standard for ordinary criminal punishment was not satisfied. It does not mean that the child’s death became harmless, justified or acceptable.
Treatment may replace punishment.
Secure psychiatric confinement may replace prison.
Continuing judicial supervision may remain necessary.
The diagnosis affects the legal response to the person who caused the death.
It does not change what the child lost.
EMPATHY REQUIRES AN OBJECT
We are repeatedly told to extend empathy toward distressed mothers.
We should.
But empathy must not operate in only one direction.
Where is the empathy for the child who experienced fear, pain, neglect or death?
Where is the empathy for the child who depended upon the person who became the danger?
Where is the empathy for the future the child will never receive?
Empathy without morality becomes sentiment.
Empathy without integrity becomes selective.
Empathy without candor can become manipulation.
Empathy without accountability may center the person who caused the harm while reducing the child to evidence used in the adult’s defense.
We can understand a mother’s illness without abandoning the child.
We can support treatment without calling violence excusable.
We can recognize healthcare failures without transferring every form of responsibility away from the person who acted.
We can protect due process without rewriting an unresolved case as an exoneration.
WHEN PUBLIC TRAGEDY BECOMES PUBLIC-RESPONSE DATA
High-profile cases now develop within an environment that measures public reaction continuously.
That does not mean the underlying crimes were created or staged as formal psychological operations.
It means that once a tragedy becomes a national controversy, our responses become observable and useful.
Platforms record clicks, comments, shares, viewing time and emotional reactions.
Media organizations learn which headlines attract attention.
Advocates discover which words mobilize support.
Fundraising reveals which narratives motivate people to contribute.
Researchers can examine how gender, motherhood, profession, appearance, disability and psychiatric language affect perceptions of culpability.
The public discussion becomes an informal test:
Who identifies immediately with the mother?
Who continues naming the children?
Who treats mental illness as an explanation?
Who treats it as exoneration?
Who changes position after seeing the defendant’s injuries?
Who interprets demands for accountability as hostility toward mental healthcare?
Who believes a popular fundraising campaign carries evidentiary meaning?
Who can hold compassion and responsibility at the same time?
This is not a claim of a centralized conspiracy.
It is recognition that tragedy, once digitized, becomes data.
FALSE CHOICES AND MORAL DISSONANCE
The public is frequently presented with false alternatives:
Mother or child.
Compassion or accountability.
Psychosis or murder.
Healthcare failure or individual responsibility.
Treatment or punishment.
These propositions are not mutually exclusive.
Lindsay Clancy may have been profoundly mentally ill.
Her providers may have failed to recognize or manage her condition properly.
She admits that she killed three children.
The first jury returned no unanimous verdict.
Cora, Dawson and Callan remain dead.
All those statements can be true simultaneously.
The dissonance begins when one truth must be erased to make another emotionally acceptable.
A person who centers the children should not be accused of denying mental illness.
A person who supports psychiatric treatment should not automatically be accused of excusing murder.
A person can recognize medical-system failure while preserving individual accountability.
A person can respect the insanity defense while concluding that a particular defendant did not satisfy its substantive requirements.
THE PUBLIC IMBALANCE
Public attention increasingly centers upon the surviving adult.
Clancy’s suffering is discussed.
Her paralysis is displayed.
Her medical treatment is scrutinized.
Her attorneys and supporters advocate for her future.
A fundraiser organized to assist her parents reportedly raised more than $1 million for travel, lodging, living expenses and the disruption involved in remaining near their adult daughter.
Her parents’ hardship may be real. Their decision to support Clancy does not establish that they did not love their grandchildren.
The imbalance nevertheless deserves examination.
Clancy has parents, lawyers, experts, supporters, donors and continuing medical care.
Cora, Dawson and Callan cannot receive treatment.
They cannot rehabilitate.
They cannot appeal.
They cannot grow up.
The public is asked how Clancy and her parents will rebuild their lives.
We must also ask why the children were denied the right to build theirs.
THE STANDARD OF LOVE
Love is not proved solely through photographs, affectionate messages or testimony that a person had previously been a good mother.
A person may love a child and still become dangerous.
But love, if it is to carry moral meaning, must recognize the child’s independent right to continue living.
Love does not say:
“You cannot exist without me.”
Love does not say:
“If I die, you must die too.”
Love does not eliminate a child’s future because the parent can no longer envision her own.
Possession is not love.
Control is not love.
Dependency is not the same as love.
Love protects the child’s right to continue.
THE BEGINNING OF A SAFER FRAMEWORK
A child-centered system would begin before pregnancy and continue throughout childhood.
It would provide:
* Honest education about parenting;
* Accessible contraception;
* Freedom from reproductive pressure;
* Parenting education for all genders;
* Perinatal mental-health screening;
* Education for partners and relatives about psychiatric warning signs;
* Immediate intervention for psychosis or credible threats;
* Coordinated care among providers;
* Careful discharge planning;
* Safe temporary placement during a caregiver’s crisis;
* Meaningful child-welfare follow-up; and
* A culture in which asking for help is responsible rather than shameful.
These measures cannot prevent every tragedy.
They can replace mythology with preparation.
CONCLUSION
Just because a person can give birth does not mean that person should.
Women are not born magically capable of motherhood.
Parenting requires desire, preparation, emotional regulation, responsibility, restraint and recognition that a child’s life belongs to the child.
The principle is not that people with mental illness should never become parents. Most people with psychiatric conditions do not harm their children. With appropriate treatment and support, many are safe, loving and capable caregivers.
The principle is not that government should determine who may reproduce.
The principle is that reproductive capacity must never be confused with parental capacity.
Lindsay Clancy’s psychiatric condition may explain how her thinking deteriorated.
It does not make the outcome acceptable.
She decided that Cora, Dawson and Callan would not continue living.
That decision was never hers to make.
Cora had a right to continue.
Dawson had a right to continue.
Callan had a right to continue.
Their mother’s crisis did not make their futures hers to terminate.
That is where Moms Who Murder™ begins:
With the independent humanity of the children and everything taken from them.
COMING NEXT
ARTICLE TWO
PSYCHOSIS MAY EXPLAIN THE CRIME—BUT DID IT LEGALLY EXCUSE IT?
Article Two will examine the Lindsay Clancy case under the Massachusetts criminal-responsibility standard: the Commonwealth’s burden of proof, the competing forensic opinions, the reported command hallucination, the evidence of planning and concealment, the 11–1 deadlock and why a three-year-seven-month prosecution ended without a final judgment.
Legal Commentary Disclaimer: This series presents independent legal, criminological, educational and public-policy analysis. The author holds an Executive Juris Doctor but does not represent herself as a licensed attorney. Allegations will be identified as allegations, acquittals will be accurately reported and unresolved proceedings will not be presented as final judgments. This material does not constitute legal advice or create an attorney-client relationship.
References
[1] World Health Organization, Nurturing Care for Early Childhood Development.
[2] American Academy of Pediatrics, Perinatal Mental Health and Social Support.
[3] Massachusetts Model Jury Instructions on Homicide—Criminal Responsibility.
[4] Associated Press, Key Moments in the Lindsay Clancy Case.
Michelle Smith
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