01/10/2026
On This Day In History (1894):
"On 10 January 1894, the Donghak Peasant Revolution began, as more than a thousand Korean peasants rose up and seized a county office in the town of Gobu, freeing wrongly convicted prisoners and returning the government’s harsh levies on local produce to rice farmers. Although the uprising started as a response to local problems, such as the construction of a water reservoir that was used as a pretext by a corrupt local magistrate to collect heavy taxes, it quickly spread throughout the southern regions of Korea, thanks to the influence of the egalitarian and syncretic Donghak religion, which was persecuted by the Neo-Confucian Korean state for preaching the dismantling of social hierarchy.
The peasant army defeated several government forces sent to put down the rebellion, and demanded land reform, the punishment of corrupt officials and the abolition of slavery. Unwilling to give in to the rebels’ demands, the Korean government requested the Qing dynasty for military intervention, which further prompted Japan to send its own troops to protect its imperial interests in Korea. The rebels, now motivated by an anti-colonial mission to liberate Korea from foreign influence, engaged Korean government and Japanese forces, but were decisively defeated at the Battles of Ugeumchi and Taein in late 1894, resulting in the deaths of tens of thousands of peasants and the capture and ex*****on of leader Jeon Bong-jun who wrote before his death, “I have done no wrong but the justice of loving the people”.
Today, the uprising is remembered by Koreans as a watershed, in which the minjung (a Korean term for “oppressed masses”) rose up to fight injustice and corruption, and to defend their country from imperialist influence."
Working Class History