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At about 600 pages, the AP Stylebook is widely used as a writing and editing reference in newsrooms, classrooms and corporate offices worldwide. Updated regularly since its initial publication in 1953, the AP Stylebook provides fundamental guidelines for spelling, language, punctuation, usage and journalistic style. It is the definitive resource for journalists. * AP Stylebook Online is a Web-based, searchable, customizable version of the AP Stylebook with online-only bonus features. Stylebook Online’s responsive design works on your desktop, laptop, smartphone and tablet. As AP updates its style throughout the year, users can get email updates. Subscribers can submit questions via Ask the Editor and search thousands of archived answers. * AP Style Quizzes test your knowledge of AP style and usage. As a quiz subscriber you will have access to more than 70 multiple-choice, automatically scored quizzes compiled by David Minthorn, one of the editors of the AP Stylebook. *AP StyleGuard provides automatic checking for AP style in both Microsoft Word and Outlook using defined structure and rules similar to Word’s spelling and grammar checking. StyleGuard includes the latest AP Stylebook guidance, with rules updated throughout the year. It works on both the PC and Mac versions of Word, and with Outlook for PC. * AP Lingofy proofs content you create in web browsers, helping find errors in spelling, usage and AP style as you post to WordPress, Blogger, Twitter, Tumblr, Facebook and more. Lingofy provides style checking in Chrome, Firefox, Safari and Explorer. * AP Stylebook & Webster’s New World Online offers a single, comprehensive resource for your writing and editing needs. The Stylebook's authoritative guidance is supported by about 185,000 definitions from Webster's New World College Dictionary, AP Stylebook's first reference for spelling, style, usage and foreign geographic names for decades.
Operating as usual
When using the term "Senate," capitalize all specific references to governmental legislative bodies, regardless of whether the name of the state or nation is used: the U.S. Senate, the Senate, the Virginia Senate, the state Senate, the Senate.
It's postseason and preseason, with no hyphen, and playoff as a noun or play off as a verb.
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New guidance on AP Stylebook Online:
Use care in deciding which term best applies:
A riot is a wild or violent disturbance of the peace involving a group of people. The term riot suggests uncontrolled chaos and pandemonium.
Focusing on rioting and property destruction rather than underlying grievance has been used in the past to stigmatize broad swaths of people protesting against lynching, police brutality or for racial justice, going back to the urban uprisings of the 1960s.
Unrest is a vaguer, milder and less emotional term for a condition of angry discontent and protest verging on revolt.
Protest and demonstration refer to specific actions such as marches, sit-ins, rallies or other actions meant to register dissent. They can be legal or illegal, organized or spontaneous, peaceful or violent, and involve any number of people.
Revolt and uprising both suggest a broader political dimension or civil upheavals, a sustained period of protests or unrest against powerful groups or governing systems.
Is it mail-in ballots, mail in ballots or mailin ballots?
Is that the same thing as an absentee ballot?
What about early voting?
Bring your questions about the style of election terms to #APStyleChat, today at 3 p.m. EDT.
Capitalize U.S. Supreme Court and also the Supreme Court when the context makes the U.S. designation unnecessary.
The chief justice is properly the chief justice of the United States, not of the Supreme Court: Chief Justice John Roberts.
The proper title for the eight other members of the court is associate justice. When used as a formal title before a name, it should be shortened to justice unless there are special circumstances: Justice Clarence Thomas.
Cast your ballot for AP style.
Stylebook editor Paula Froke leads our Twitter chat on elections terms, on Tuesday at 3 p.m. EDT.
Use hashtag #APStyleChat to ask questions and follow the conversation.
Use "oral" to refer to spoken words: He gave an oral promise.
Use "written" for words on paper: We had a written agreement.
Use "verbal" to compare words with some other form of communication: His tears revealed sentiments that his poor verbal skills could not express.
Internet of Things is used to describe devices, appliances, sensors and anything else with an internet connection, apart from traditional gadgets such as PCs and phones. Abbreviate as IoT.
It’s a technical term that should be avoided in stories for general readers.
For a partial quote, don't put quotation marks around words the speaker could not have used.
Suppose Cho said, "I am horrified at your slovenly manners."
Wrong: She said she "was horrified at their slovenly manners."
Right: She said she was horrified at their "slovenly manners."
Use figures and hyphens for ratios: a ratio of 2-to-1, a 2-1 ratio, 1 in 4 voters. As illustrated, the word "to" should be omitted when the numbers precede the word "ratio."
Jewish holy days include Hanukkah, Passover, Purim, Rosh Hashana, Shavuot, Sukkot and Yom Kippur.
The High Holy Days are Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur.
All Jewish holy days and the Jewish Sabbath start at sunset before the day marked on most calendars.
Rosh Hashana is Saturday.
The combination of in-person and online instruction used in K-12 and college classrooms, and especially common now because of COVID-19, is called blended learning.
We typically use numerals for numbers 10 and larger, but for the Big Ten conference, we use the word ten not the numeral.
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Big Ten is going to give fall football a shot after all. Less than five weeks after pushing football and other fall sports to spring in the name of player safety during the pandemic, the...
The term "defund the police" often refers to taking funds from police departments to spend on other priorities such as employment programs, mental health services and social services to increase public safety. The term is sometimes misrepresented as abolishing police. Avoid using the term other than in a direct quotation; if used in a quotation, explain and provide detail about what is being sought.
Use the term cross-dresser instead of the outdated term transvestite for someone who wears clothing associated with a different gender, and only when the subject identifies as such. Not synonymous with drag performer or transgender.
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For the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, 9/11 is acceptable in all references. (Note comma to set off the year when the phrase refers to a month, date and year.)
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The terms systemic racism, structural racism and institutional racism refer to social, political and institutional systems and cultures that contribute to racial inequality in areas such as employment, health care, housing, the criminal justice system and education. Avoid shortening this use to simply racism, to avoid confusion with the other definition (a doctrine asserting racial differences in character, intelligence, etc., and the superiority of one race over another, or racial discrimination or feelings of hatred or bigotry toward people of another race).
Some use the term racist to refer to anyone who benefits from systemic racism and doesn’t actively work to dismantle it. Avoid this use unless essential in a direct quotation; if used, explain it.
The term minority is acceptable as an adjective in broad references to multiple races other than white in the United States. For example: We will hire more members of minority groups.
Be sure the term is accurate in each circumstance, since what constitutes a racial minority varies by location. Be specific whenever possible by referring to, for instance, Black Americans, Chinese Americans or members of the Seminole Tribe of Florida.
Don't use minority as a noun in the singular. The plural minorities is acceptable when needed for reasons of space or sentence construction. But phrasing such as minority students or minority communities is preferable.
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The term people of color is acceptable when necessary in broad references to multiple races other than white: We will hire more people of color. Nine playwrights of color collaborated on the script.
Be aware, however, that many people of various races object to the term for various reasons, including that it lumps together into one monolithic group anyone who isn’t white.
Be specific whenever possible by referring to, for instance, Black Americans, Chinese Americans or members of the Seminole Tribe of Florida. For example: The poll found that Black and Latino Americans are bearing the brunt of the pandemic’s financial impact, not people of color are bearing the brunt of the pandemic’s financial impact. Most of the magazine’s readers are Black women, not most of the magazine’s readers are women of color.
In some cases, other wording may be appropriate. Examples: people from various racial and ethnic backgrounds; diverse groups; various heritages; different cultures.
Don't use the term person of color for an individual.
Don't use the term Black, Indigenous and people of color, which some see as more inclusive by distinguishing the experiences of Black and Indigenous people but others see as less inclusive by diminishing the experiences of everyone else. Similarly, do not use the term Black, Asian and minority ethnic.
Don't use the shorthand POC, BIPOC or BAME unless necessary in a direct quotation; when used, explain it.
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Capitalize and use the spelling Vodou when referring specifically to the religion as it is practiced primarily in Haiti or among the Haitian community abroad. The spelling Voodoo has come to be seen as pejorative in those regions and should be avoided. However, the spelling Voodoo is commonly used and acceptable when referring to the religion as practiced in Louisiana. Avoid using either term as shorthand for magical or superstitious beliefs. For example, do not refer to voodoo (lowercase) economics unless essential in a direct quotation, or to voodoo rituals unless essential and with attribution and explanation.
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Avoid the vague "officer-involved" for shootings and other cases involving police. Be specific about what happened. If police use the term, ask: How was the officer or officers involved? Who did the shooting? If the information is not available or not provided, spell that out.
Capitalize Gulf and Gulf Coast when referring to the region of the United States lying along the Gulf of Mexico. For example: Laura was not expected to weaken over land before moving into warm, deep Gulf waters that forecasters said could bring rapid intensification.
The word digitize generally has a more narrow meaning than digitalize, reflecting a conversion of something to digital form: to digitize a document. The word digitalize can be broader, referring to a transformation by embracing digital technologies: to digitalize an industry.
The term 4K typically refers to video with 2,160 lines of vertical resolution, with sharper images than high-definition video. The name comes from 4,096 lines of horizontal resolution; it now often refers to those with 3,840 horizontal lines, also known as ultra-high definition.
It's time for another food offering after our PB&J tip was eagerly consumed. The term BLT is a acceptable on first reference for a bacon, lettuce and tomato sandwich. We wouldn't use BLAT, though, if you add avocado.
You might not be sharing an office these days but you can share your own house style.
Add your custom notes and entries to an AP Stylebook Online site license, and all your team members can access your content along with AP style, wherever they are.
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The AP Stylebook 2 print edition, web-based access and style-checking software.
For the U.S. political party, capitalize Democrat and Democratic in references to the Democratic Party or its members. Use Democratic, not Democrat, in usages such as the Democratic-controlled Legislature and the Democratic senator (except in direct quotations that use Democrat).
In stories about the U.S. Postal Service, retain capitalization of Postal Service in later references. Lowercase "the service" when it stands alone. Lowercase "post office" in generic references to the agency and to an individual post office. Avoid the shorthand USPS.
The shorthand PDF is acceptable in all references for Portable Document Format. It's a file format that allows a document to be shared among several types of computers without losing its formatting.
3G, 4G, 5G and LTE are acceptable on first reference, but should be explained in stories as cellular networks.
5G should be described as a faster, emerging or next-generation network, rather than fifth generation.
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If you’re covering the NCAA Tournament championship game, let Oskar Garcia, AP Stylebook team member and assistant sports editor, demonstrate a 3-pointer from San Antonio. For more basketball terms, check out our Stylebook Online Topical Guide: http://apne.ws/jAyCZSE
AP Stylebook editors have made hundreds of changes in recent years. Some are high profile, many are not. Are you using the latest AP style guidance? http://apne.ws/4mRtbse
AP Stylebook editors have added several new chapters in recent years, including food, fashion, religion, social media and data journalism. Are you keeping up with the latest AP style guidance? http://apne.ws/YYS8SRg
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