02/08/2026
On this day...
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On February 8, 1887, President Grover Cleveland signed the Dawes Act into law. The legislation divided tribal lands into individual allotments, stripped millions of acres from Native nations, and weakened tribal sovereignty. It was another attempt to assimilate Native people into American culture.
Land deemed “surplus” was sold to non-Native settlers, and many Native families lost their allotments due to taxes or fraud. The act led to the loss of roughly two-thirds of Native land by 1934 and created fractionated ownership that still complicates land use and jurisdiction today.