07/09/2025
The equipment that activist and North Korean defector Lee Min-bok uses to send balloons filled with anti-Kim Jong Un leaflets across the border from South Korea into the North has been gathering dust for months.
When it became clear that center-left politician Lee Jae Myung was on track to win the June presidential election, Lee Min-bok and other South Korea-based activists stopped launching balloons into North Korea, anticipating a crackdown by the new, pro-engagement administration.
Lee, who took office on June 4, has promised to improve relations with the nuclear-armed North. He has urged diplomacy and dialog and his administration has also suspended anti-North Korea loudspeaker broadcasts along the border.
North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, however, last year abandoned a goal of unification with the South and has shown little openness to diplomacy.
After Lee ordered measures to stop leaflet launches, officials and police discussed plans including deploying police to border regions to preempt launches, and punishing the activists with aviation safety laws, according to the Unification Ministry that handles inter-Korea affairs.
"I've been doing it quietly and what's wrong with that? Provoking North Korea? No way," 67-year-old Lee Min-bok told a Reuters reporter.
Last year, North Korea began launching waves of its own balloons into the South, some carrying garbage and excrement.
North Korean officials have labeled leaflet activists in South Korea "human scum" and in 2020 demolished an inter-Korean liaison office during a spat over leaflets.
All photos by Kim Soo-hyeon for Reuters
Photo 1:
An anti-North Korean balloon launched by activists in Paju, South Korea, April 23, 2025.
Photo 2:
North Korean defector Lee Min-bok demonstrates how one of his homemade balloons distributes anti-Kim Jong Un leaflets in Pocheon, South Korea, July 1, 2025.
Photo 3:
Lee shows on a map how balloons travel across the Korean Peninsula.
Photo 4:
Lee shows anti-Kim Jong Un leaflets he wrote and a USB drive containing similar content that are placed in balloons to be sent into North Korea.
Photo 5:
Lee shows a bundle of anti-Kim Jong Un leaflets that will be carried by balloons into North Korea.
Photo 6:
Lee shows an image with flight tracking information across the Korean Peninsula on his mobile phone.
Photo 7:
A video produced by North Korean defector Lee Min-bok shows activists launching a balloon carrying anti-Kim Jong Un leaflets.
Photo 8:
Police stand guard as a sign banning the launch of anti-North Korea leaflets in balloons at a park in Ganghwa island near the North Korean border, in Incheon, South Korea, July 6, 2025.
Photo 9:
North Korean defector Lee Min-bok stands near equipment used to inflate hydrogen into balloons carrying anti-Kim Jong Un leaflets in Pocheon, South Korea, July 1, 2025.
Photo 10:
Lee stands near equipment used to inflate hydrogen into anti-North Korean balloons.