02/24/2021
WHAT IS THAT SHINY LAYER COVERING ON APPLES?
We have noticed photos of shiny apples (apples covered in wax). Is that what it really is, and is it safe to eat? Dr. Joe Kemble, Professor of Horticulture at Auburn University answers these questions
IS THERE REALLY WAX ON FRUITS AND VEGETABLES?
Dr. Kemble: “Yes – the apple is one of the fruits that produces its own wax. Many other fruits produce wax such as plums, pears, etc. The natural wax produced by the apple serves several vital roles. This natural wax:
* helps the apples resist moisture loss,
* enhances the fruit firmness, and
* slows down the natural degradation of the apples.
Remember, apples are (climacteric fruits) alive even after they are picked and will continue to live, provided they have sufficient resources and an acceptable environment. The waxy coating produced by the apple and found on its skin protects it.
HOW DO WE KNOW IT’S SAFE TO EAT THE WAX?
Dr. Kemble: “One point to note about waxes is that they are indigestible by humans. Humans do not have the ability to break down waxes and absorb their various components. Waxes simply pass through our digestive systems untouched. There are many more types of natural waxes out there produced by various plants and animals such as beeswax produced by honeybees, bayberry wax produced from the surface wax of the fruits of the bayberry bush, soy wax produced from soybean oil, etc. Depending on its intended use, different types of natural and synthetic waxes can be mixed in order to provide the exact properties that someone requires in a wax. Grafting wax, which is primarily beeswax plus a number of other components, is designed to soften significantly when worked with your hand by adding a number of components to beeswax. Beeswax alone is stiff and not workable at 98 degrees.”
SO WHY ADD WAX IF APPLES PRODUCE IT NATURALLY?
Dr. Kemble: “An apple with a good waxy coating will store better than one with a partial waxy coating or no waxy coating at all. Another interesting aspect of waxy coatings and apples is that growers can take advantage of the storage ability of many apple varieties because of this waxy coating. You might have heard the term “controlled-atmosphere storage” and wondered about it. Apples can remain in controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage for a long period simply by reducing the oxygen levels in storage. Some apples such as Fuji and Delicious (red and yellow) can be stored for up to one year in CA storage. CA storage does not involve adding any chemicals – just modifying the environment by lowering the oxygen levels and tightly controlling the environment around the apple. The apple must have its waxy coating intact in order to benefit from CA storage.”
WILL VINEGAR HELP GET THE WAX OFF?
Dr. Kemble: “Yes, vinegar will degrade the waxy coating and, if it is left in contact for a long period, it will remove all of the wax. The wax, however, serves as a protection system for the fruit/vegetable. This waxy coating helps to prevent moisture loss and it provides a physical barrier preventing some microorganisms from entering the fruit. The degree or extent of this waxy coating depends on the variety, maturity at harvest, and storage condition.”
Photo Credit: Ines Hanrahan Ph.D.
Project was orchestrated and designed by : Ines Hanrahan Ph.D.
Project of WTFRC & Legacy Fruit Packers
Cc:
Source; https://www.bestfoodfacts.org/wax-on-apples/