01/07/2025
Remembering Joshua Nkomo – The Father of Zimbabwean Nationalism
Today we remember and honour the life and legacy of Dr. Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (1917–1999), a true icon of Zimbabwe’s liberation and nation-building journey. Affectionately known as “Father Zimbabwe,” Nkomo was not only a freedom fighter but also a visionary leader, peace advocate, and champion for unity in a deeply divided country.
Born on June 19, 1917, in the Semokwe Reserve in Matabeleland South, Nkomo grew up in a humble family of traditional values and strong Christian faith. He trained as a carpenter before pursuing further education in South Africa, where he earned a social work degree at the University of Fort Hare a place that also educated African leaders like Nelson Mandela and Oliver Tambo. His time in South Africa exposed him to African nationalism and the broader struggle for liberation across the continent.
In the 1950s, Nkomo entered politics and became a central figure in the fight against colonial oppression in what was then Southern Rhodesia. He led several early African nationalist movements, including the African National Congress (ANC), the National Democratic Party (NDP), and later founded the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) in 1961. ZAPU became one of the main liberation movements fighting against white minority rule, alongside ZANU, led by Robert Mugabe.
Under Nkomo’s leadership, ZAPU formed a military wing ZIPRA (Zimbabwe People’s Revolutionary Army) to fight for independence. Despite imprisonment, exile, and intense persecution by the colonial regime, Nkomo remained committed to the struggle. He believed in a Zimbabwe where all ethnic groups could live in peace and dignity.
After Zimbabwe achieved independence in 1980, Nkomo became part of the new government, initially serving as Minister of Home Affairs. However, tensions between ZANU and ZAPU escalated, leading to the Gukurahundi atrocities in Matabeleland, where thousands of civilians were killed. Despite this tragedy and personal suffering, Nkomo chose the path of peace. In 1987, he signed the Unity Accord with Robert Mugabe, merging ZAPU and ZANU into ZANU-PF a decision that helped end the violence and preserved national unity.
He went on to serve as one of Zimbabwe’s Vice Presidents until his death on July 1, 1999.
More than a politician, Joshua Nkomo was a symbol of tolerance, nationhood, and forgiveness. He envisioned a Zimbabwe where people of different tribes, political beliefs, and backgrounds could build together a dream that still resonates today.
As we reflect on his life, let us remember his words
“Peace begins with justice.” – Joshua Nkomo